An unusual case of primate arterial pattern in a human upper limb / Un caso inusual de patrón arterial de primates en un miembro superior humano

During routine undergraduate dissections of the upper limb, variations on the usual arterial and muscular patterns were observed in a 68 year-old male cadaver. The arterial and muscular pattern found in our specimen is similar to that of some primates in the following terms. 1) Brachial artery duplicity, on the right side, with a superficial brachio-ulnoradial artery. 2) In the right upper limb, the biceps brachii muscle continued with the superficial muscles of the forearm. 3) The brachial artery on the left side, cross over in front of the median nerve, as the only artery of the arm with a network axillary pattern. 4) On both sides, the ulnar artery was superficial and originated at the elbow from superficial brachial arteries. 5) The right anterior interosseous artery intervened in the vascularization of the hand. These results suggest that this may be a case of early detention of human embryonic development and/or the persistence of phylogenetic older patterns. In the literature, we have found no reference to the presence of all these variations in the same individual. The objective of our study was to analyze these variations from an embryological and phylogenetic perspective.

Durante las disecciones de pregrado de rutina del miembro superior, se observaron variaciones en los patrones arteriales y musculares habituales en un cadáver macho de 68 años. El patrón arterial y muscular que se encuentra en nuestro espécimen es similar al de algunos primates en los siguientes términos. 1) Duplicidad de la arteria braquial, en el lado derecho, con una arteria braquioulnoradial superficial. 2) En el miembro superior derecho, el músculo bíceps braquial continuó con los músculos superficiales del antebrazo. 3) La arteria braquial en el lado izquierdo, se cruza frente al nervio mediano, como la única arteria del brazo con un patrón axilar en red. 4) En ambos lados, la arteria ulnar era superficial y se originó en el codo de las arterias braquiales superficiales. 5) La arteria interósea anterior derecha intervino en la vascularización de la mano. Estos resultados sugieren que este puede ser un caso de detención temprana del desarrollo embrionario humano y/o la persistencia de patrones filogenéticos más antiguos. En la literatura, no hemos encontrado ninguna referencia a la presencia de todas estas variaciones en el mismo individuo. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue analizar estas variaciones desde una perspectiva embriológica y filogenética.

Fetal Topographical Anatomy of the Pancreatic Head and Duodenum with Special Reference to Courses of the Pancreaticoduodenal Arteries

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to provide better understanding as to how the "double" vascular arcades, in contrast to other intestinal marginal vessels, develop along the right margin of the pancreatic head. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In human fetuses between 8-30 weeks, we described the topographical anatomy of the vessels, bile duct, duodenum as well as the ventral and dorsal primordia of the pancreatic head with an aid of pancreatic polypeptide immunohisto-chemistry. RESULTS: The contents of the hepatoduodenal ligament crossed the superior side of the pylorus. Moreover, the right hepatic artery originating from the superior mesenteric artery ran along the superior aspect of the pancreatic head. An arterial arcade, corresponding to the posterior pancreaticoduodenal arteries, encircled the superior part of the pancreatic head, whereas another arcade, corresponding to the anterior pancreaticoduodenal arteries, surrounded the inferior part. The dorsal promordium of the pancreas surrounded and/or mixed the ventral primordium at 13-16 weeks. Thus, both arterial arcades were likely to attach to the dorsal primordium. CONCLUSION: The fetal anatomy of the pancreaticoduodenal vascular arcades as well as that of the hepatoduodenal ligament were quite different from adults in topographical relations. Thus, in the stage later than 30 weeks, further rotation of the duodenum along a horizontal axis seemed to be required to move the pylorus posterosuperiorly and to reflect the superior surface of the pancreatic head posteriorly. However, to change the topographical anatomy of the superior and inferior arterial arcades into the final position, re-arrangement of the pancreatic parenchyma might be necessary in the head.

Histochemical Studies of Fetal Arteries of Koreans with Special Reference to Atherogenesis in Adults

In view of the sparsity of report on normal and abnormal pattern of the major arteries during fetal life, the authors undertook investigation of the aortas, coronary arteries, renal arteries, and the umbilical arteries of 76 korean fetuses, ranging from 21/2 months to full-term, A normal pattern and its evolution of the intima, media, and the adventitia was described. The P. A. S. positive substance was most abundantly found in the media of the umbilical arteries, medium amount in the media and intima of the renal arteries and the aortas, and lesser amount in the media of the coronary arteries. A surprisingly high incidence of the alteration of the internal elastic membrane of the aorta simulating to the early lesions of atherosclerosis in adult and neonatal life was observed. In e1even instances, microcystic degeneration of the inner media of the aorta was observed, and its relationship to the idiopathic cystic medial necrosis and dissecting aneurysm was discussed.